Canine Parvovirus & Distemper: Research Library

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This is the reference library that sits underneath the canine parvovirus and canine distemper research on this site. Every entry links straight to its DOI or publisher. Where a paper is open access and freely re-distributable, its PDF is hosted here so you can download it in one click, no paywall, no login. Where a paper is paywalled, the link takes you to the publisher's landing page. A handful of newer findings are still being indexed and are marked accordingly rather than given an invented link.

For the narrative syntheses that draw on these sources, see the distemper treatment synthesis and the CPV research pages.

70References

28Hosted PDFs

4Topic groups

The reference library

Grouped by topic. Download PDF means the open-access file is hosted here. A plain DOI link goes to the publisher (open or paywalled). Items marked citation pending are recent findings not yet publicly indexed, shown without a fabricated link. Summary opens that paper's page here, with a plain-language note on why it matters.

CPV: treatment, prevention & diagnostics

Pearce, Spibey, Sutton & Tarpey (2023). Nobivac DP PLUS recombinant CPV-2c challenge study. Vaccines 11(9):1499 (PMC10534519) https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11091499. Download PDF · Summary
Ulas et al. (2023). Four-arm antiviral trial in CPV (IFN-omega best, 85.7%). J Vet Sci (PMC10839179) https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.23139. Download PDF · Summary
Su et al. (2024). NTZ mechanism transcriptomic study (G2/M arrest, JAK-STAT). Viruses 16(2):282, 2024 (PMC10892128) https://doi.org/10.3390/v16020282. Download PDF · Summary
Zhou et al. (2025). CPV advances review (CPV-2c, vaccine gaps, treatment landscape). Microorganisms 13(1):47, 2025 (PMC11767475) https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13010047. Download PDF · Summary
Pereira et al. (2018). Fecal microbiota transplantation in CPV enteritis RCT. J Vet Intern Med (PMC5867004) https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15072. Download PDF · Summary
Zhou et al. (2019). NTZ drug screen of 1,430 FDA-approved drugs against CPV. Viruses 11(8):742, 2019 (PMC6724046) https://doi.org/10.3390/v11080742. Download PDF · Summary
Sabyrzhan et al. (2025). CPV-circovirus co-infection (Kazakhstan). Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2025 https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1645697. Download PDF · Summary
Martin et al. (2002). Treatment of canine parvoviral enteritis with interferon-omega, placebo-controlled challenge trial. Vet Microbiol 89(2-3):115-27 (PMID 12243889) https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-1135(02)00173-6. · Summary
de Mari et al. (2003). IFN-omega placebo-controlled field trial. Vet Rec 152(4):105-8 (PMID 12572939) https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.152.4.105. · Summary
Pedroza-Roldán et al. (2014/2015). Genotyping of canine parvovirus in western Mexico. J Vet Diagn Invest 27(1):107-11 (PMID 25525144) https://doi.org/10.1177/1040638714559969. · Summary
Venn et al. (POPS Trial) (2017). Evaluation of an outpatient protocol in canine parvoviral enteritis. J Vet Emerg Crit Care 27(1):52-65 (PMID 27918639) https://doi.org/10.1111/vec.12561. · Summary
Lim et al. (2024). CPMA monoclonal challenge study (0% vs 57% mortality); basis for Trutect approval. JAVMA 262(4) Read at source.
(Jalisco field PDF) Parvovirus CPV-2c en Jalisco. Local NotebookLM/AI-generated briefing PDF. citation pending / not yet indexed
Pedroza-Roldán et al. (2024). First complete CPV-2c genomes from Mexico (T226S, F267Y, A440T). citation pending / not yet indexed
Pedroza-Roldán et al. (2026). CPV-2c cytokine panel (low IFN-gamma = survival; high IL-6/IL-8/MCP-1/IL-10 = poor outcome). citation pending / not yet indexed
Cornell tocilizumab / canine IL-6 receptor study. Front Vet Sci Sept 2025 citation pending / not yet indexed
Winston et al. (2025). FMT for CPV, 18-institution consortium (ongoing). JAVMA 2025 citation pending / not yet indexed
Guallasamín-Quisilema et al. (2023). Ecuador outpatient CPV (85.3% survival; CRP/lactate biomarkers). citation pending / not yet indexed

CDV: antivirals & acute-phase treatment

Oliver-Guimerá, Murphy & Keel (2025). The nucleoside analog GS-441524 effectively attenuates in vitro replication of multiple lineages of circulating canine distemper viruses. Viruses 17(2):150 https://doi.org/10.3390/v17020150. Download PDF · Summary
Candela & Ortega (2025). Canine distemper virus: special issue editorial. Viruses 17(12):1630 https://doi.org/10.3390/v17121630. Download PDF · Summary
ASPCA (2024). Canine distemper virus: treatment (clinical guideline). Read at source. Copyright ASPCA, read at source · Summary
Krumm et al. (2014). Orally available polymerase inhibitor (ERDRP-0519) vs lethal morbillivirus in a large animal model. Sci Transl Med 6(232):232ra52 https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.3008517. · Summary
Gastelum-Leyva et al. (2022). Silver nanoparticles in non-neurological & neurological distemper RCT (n=207). Viruses 14(11):2329 https://doi.org/10.3390/v14112329. Download PDF · Summary
Xue et al. (2019). Antiviral efficacy of favipiravir against CDV in vitro. BMC Vet Res 15(1) https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-019-2057-8. Download PDF · Summary
Camero et al. (2022). ERDRP-0519 inhibits feline coronavirus in vitro. BMC Vet Res 18(1) https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-022-03153-3. Download PDF · Summary
de Carvalho et al. (2017). 6-methylmercaptopurine riboside antiviral vs CDV in vitro. Virol J 14(1) https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-017-0785-6. Download PDF · Summary
Rendón-Marín et al. (2019). Tropism and molecular pathogenesis of CDV. Virol J 16 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-019-1136-6. Download PDF · Summary
Elia et al. (2008). In vitro efficacy of ribavirin against CDV. Antiviral Res 77(2):108-113 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2007.09.004. · Summary
Scagliarini et al. (2006). In vitro antiviral activity of ribavirin against CDV. Vet Res Commun 30(S1):269-272 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-006-0058-0. · Summary
Trejo-Avila et al. (2014). Anti-CDV activity of fucoidan from Cladosiphon okamuranus. VirusDisease 25(4):474-480 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13337-014-0228-6. · Summary
Loots et al. (2017). Advances in CDV pathogenesis research: a wildlife perspective. J Gen Virol 98(3):311-321 https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.000666. Paywalled, read at publisher · Summary
Arbabi et al. (2022). Anti-Newcastle disease vaccine serum on dogs with canine distemper. Veterinaria México OA 9 https://doi.org/10.22201/fmvz.24486760e.2022.1044. Download PDF · Summary
Giuliani et al. (2018). Nose-to-brain delivery of ribavirin. Drug Deliv 25(1) https://doi.org/10.1080/10717544.2018.1428242. Download PDF · Summary
Sánchez Palomino et al. (2022). Canine distemper, clinical update. Acta Scientific Vet Sci 4(3):45-51 https://doi.org/10.31080/asvs.2022.04.0329. · Summary
Amruth Kumar & Sirisha (2025). Diagnostic and therapeutic management of canine distemper. Int J Vet Sci Anim Husb 10(12):253-256 https://doi.org/10.22271/veterinary.2025.v10.i12d.2826. · Summary
Liu et al. (2016). Xenogeneic anti-CDV antibodies in distemper puppies. J Small Anim Pract 57(11):626-630 (PMID 27726133) https://doi.org/10.1111/jsap.12557. · Summary
Huiming, Chaomin & Meng (2005). Vitamin A for treating measles in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev CD001479 https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD001479.pub3. · Summary
Sudfeld, Návar & Halsey (2010). Effectiveness of measles vaccination and vitamin A treatment. Int J Epidemiol 39(Suppl 1):i48-i55 https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyq021. Download PDF · Summary
Deem et al. (2000). Canine distemper in terrestrial carnivores: a review. J Zoo Wildl Med 31(4):441-451 https://doi.org/10.1638/1042-7260(2000)031[0441:CDITCA]2.0.CO;2. · Summary

CDV: neurological sequelae, myoclonus & demyelination

Sarchahi, Arbabi & Mohebalian (2025). Effects of phenobarbital and prednisolone on neurological signs of canine distemper. Vet Med Sci 11(5):e70479 https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70479. Download PDF · Summary
Tipold, Vandevelde & Jaggy (1992). Neurological manifestations of CDV infection. J Small Anim Pract 33(10):466-470 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5827.1992.tb01024.x. · Summary
Caviness (2014). Treatment of myoclonus. Neurotherapeutics 11(1):188-200 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13311-013-0216-3. · Summary
Latorre et al. (2024). Diagnostic utility of clinical neurophysiology in jerky movement disorders. Mov Disord Clin Pract 12(3):272-284 https://doi.org/10.1002/mdc3.14306. Download PDF · Summary
Zurbriggen et al. (1995). CDV persistence via noncytolytic selective virus spread. J Virol 69(3):1678-1686 https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.69.3.1678-1686.1995. Free to read at publisher, not redistributable · Summary
Meertens et al. (2003). Reduction of virus release/cell-cell fusion in persistent CDV. Acta Neuropathol 106 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-003-0731-0. · Summary
Vandevelde & Zurbriggen (2005). Demyelination in CDV infection: a review. Acta Neuropathol 109(1):56-68 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-004-0958-4. · Summary
Klemens et al. (2019). Neurotoxic potential of reactive astrocytes in CDV leukoencephalitis. Sci Rep 9(1) https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-48146-9. Download PDF · Summary
Attig et al. (2019). Reactive oxygen species as mediators of demyelination in CDV leukoencephalitis. Int J Mol Sci 20(13):3217 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20133217. Download PDF · Summary
Lempp et al. (2014). New aspects of CDV leukoencephalitis pathogenesis. Viruses 6(7):2571-2601 https://doi.org/10.3390/v6072571. Download PDF · Summary
Spitzbarth et al. (2016). Breakdown of axonal transport in CDV leukoencephalitis. Brain Behav 6(7) https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.472. Download PDF · Summary
Moro et al. (2003). Apoptosis in the cerebellum of dogs with distemper. J Vet Med Ser B 50(5):221-225 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0450.2003.00657.x. · Summary
Gülersoy, Ok & Sevinç (2020). Old dog encephalitis: a rare form of canine distemper. Kocatepe Vet J https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.610338. · Summary
Ulrich et al. (2014). Transcriptional changes favor biphasic demyelination in CDV. PLOS ONE 9(4):e95917 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0095917. Download PDF · Summary
Koutinas et al. (2002). Clinical signs vs pathological changes in 19 cases of CDV encephalomyelitis. J Comp Pathol 126(1):47-56 https://doi.org/10.1053/jcpa.2001.0521. · Summary
Lowrie & Garosi (2017). Classification of involuntary movements in dogs: myoclonus and myotonia. J Vet Intern Med 31(4):979-987 https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.14771. Download PDF · Summary
Linder et al. (2024). Levetiracetam for suspected myoclonic seizures: five dogs. J Small Anim Pract 65(6):402-408 https://doi.org/10.1111/jsap.13719. · Summary
Pinheiro et al. (2019). MSCs in dogs with demyelinating leukoencephalitis (MS model). Heliyon 5(6):e01857 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01857. Download PDF · Summary
Brunel et al. (2022). Retrospective MSC therapy in dogs with CDV neurological complications. Braz J Sci 1(11) https://doi.org/10.14295/bjs.v1i11.191. · Summary
dos Santos, Joaquim & Cassu (2022). Acupuncture in dogs with neurological sequels of distemper. J Acupunct Meridian Stud 15(4):238 https://doi.org/10.51507/j.jams.2022.15.4.238. Download PDF · Summary
Değirmençay (2023). Ribavirin & proanthocyanidin in canine distemper. Türk Doğa ve Fen Dergisi https://doi.org/10.46810/tdfd.1244940. · Summary
de Carvalho et al. (2012). Immunopathogenic and neurological mechanisms of CDV. Advances in Virology 2012:1-10 https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/163860. Download PDF · Summary
de Aguiar et al. (2012). CDV + Toxoplasma co-infection with neuro signs. Arq Bras Med Vet Zootec 64(1):221-224 https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-09352012000100032. · Summary
Keerthi et al. (2022). Histopathological & molecular studies on canine distemper. JIVA 20(2):93-96 https://doi.org/10.55296/jiva/20.2.2022.93-96. · Summary
Rashid, Ashraf & Iftikhar (2022). Chorea: a sequela of canine distemper. Adv Anim Vet Sci 10(9):1969-1976 https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.aavs/2022/10.9.1969.1976. · Summary

Human-neurology background (myoclonus & botulinum toxin)

Brown et al. (1991). Axial myoclonus of propriospinal origin. Brain https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.brain.a101857. · Summary
Bono et al. (2012). Botulinum toxin in myoclonus from peripheral nerve injury. Eur J Neurol 19(9) https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-1331.2012.03780.x. · Summary
Ibrahim & Osman (2020). Spinal myoclonus, Sudan. Sudan J Med Sci 15(2):218-222 https://doi.org/10.18502/sjms.v15i2.7272. · Summary
Anis & Pollak (2013). Palatal myoclonus + botulinum toxin. Case Rep Otolaryngol 2013 https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/231505. · Summary
Varney, Demetroulakos & Fletcher (1996). Palatal myoclonus, botulinum toxin. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 114(2):317-320 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0194-59989670194-8. · Summary
Unger (2016). Acupuncture for segmental myoclonus after trauma. Med Acupunct 28(1):56-58 https://doi.org/10.1089/acu.2015.1116. · Summary

Individual paper pages

All 31 papers have their own indexable page: full citation, a factual one-line note on why it matters, and the DOI. For the 28 that are openly licensed, that page also has a direct PDF download. The other 3 aren't ours to hand out, so their pages send you to the publisher instead.

Reference set compiled from the DogHealth PDF library manifest (60 unique works, 70 cataloged entries), deduplicated across the CPV and distemper research. Access status was checked paper by paper against Unpaywall and Crossref in July 2026. A PDF is hosted here only where the paper carries a license that actually permits redistribution (CC BY, CC BY-NC, CC BY-NC-ND, CC BY-NC-SA), which covers 28 of the 31. Free to read isn't the same thing as free to re-post, so anything paywalled, bronze, or plain copyrighted links to the publisher instead. When a license is unclear, we link out rather than host.

This library is provided for clinical information and is not a substitute for hands-on veterinary care. Treatments described in the underlying literature as experimental or off-label are exactly that, and should be considered only in consultation with a qualified veterinarian and with informed owner consent.